Water and air heater



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

B. W. TAYLOR. WATER AND AIR HEATER.

Patenteb. 9, 1897.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

. B. W. TAYLOR. WATER AND AIR HEATEL No. 576.628. k abented Feb. 9,1897.

I lg egior @ii 1 In: annals PETERS no" wunyaumou wasmusvon, u c.

(No Model'.) 7 v 5 Sheets-Sheet 5. B. W. TAYLOR. WATER AND AIR HEATER.

I No. 576,628. Pat ented Feb. 9, 1897.

gm 66E UNlTED STATES BARDEN WALTON TAYLOR, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

WATER AND AIR HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 576,628, dated February9, 1897.

Serial No. 587,683. (No model.)

To all whom. it 11m. con/corn,-

Be it known that I, BARDEN WALTON TAY- LOR, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State ofColorado, have invented a new and useful Appliance for UtilizingExhaust-Steam and \Vaste Products of Boiler-Furnaces, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention has for its object the provision of an apparatus toarrest and hold in acontinuous round of service, as a motor, heat andvapor of exhaust-steam and utilize other waste products of boilerfurnaces; to purify the water of condensation by eliminating therefromall oil and grease; to precipitate all mineral and other matter from thefeedwater prior to admitting it into the boiler,

' whereby incrustation is obviated or reduced to a minimum; to supplythe necessary air to the water of condensation, whereby explosion from adeficit of air is avoided and economy in the consumption of fuel issecured; to supply the water to the boiler at a temperature beyond theboiling-point, and, lastly, to reduce the consumption of the fuel to aminimum and to provide a contrivance for attaining all the endsaforesaid in an effective and practicable way. 7

For a full understanding of the merits and advantages of the inventionreference should be had to the accompanying drawings and the followingdescription.

The improvement is susceptible of various changes in form, proportions,and the minor details of construction Without departing from theprinciple or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof, and to a fulldisclosure of the invention an adaptation thereof is shown in theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of theinvention, the top being removed and parts being broken away to show therelative arrangement of the parts. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinalsection of the invention. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 3of Fig. 2, looking to the left. Fig. 4 is a section drawn on the line 4:4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is ahorizontal section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2.Fig. 6 is a perspective view of an apparatus for effecting the objectsof this invention of more simple construction and having the partsdifferently related. Fig. '7 is a plan view of a layer of the bank orseries of horizontal pipes entering into the formation of the apparatusillustrated in Fig. 6, the casing and vertical baffle-plates being shownin section.

In addition to the advantages enumerated others are contemplated andwill appear to those skilled in the art as the invention iscomprehended; and to this end referenceis to be had to the designatingcharacters of the figures of the drawings and the following deseription,in which like numerals denote similar and corresponding parts.

The invention appears in the form of an oblong bOX 1, having a series ofhorizontal compartments, preferably five, 2, 3 4, 5, and 6, with theirseveral subdivisions, each working out an essential part of the finalresult of returning the heat of exhaust-steam back to the boiler andfurnace and converting the same into effective energy for futureservice.

The central or middle section 4 is the airchamber provided to arrest andreturn the heat of exhaust-steam. This section 4 is comprised betweenupper and lower flue-sheets 7 and 8, of steel, spaced about eighteeninches apart and connected by upright lines 9, alternately arranged orstaggered. These lines i) have their ends expanded into the flue-sheets,so as to provide a substantial and firm joint. Above the upperflue-sheet '7 is set the upper horizontal baffle-plate 10, which formsthe bottom of the three settling-basins 11, 12, and 13, located in thecompartment 2. These settling-basins are over a succession ofsteamchambers 14, which are formed by means of upright baffle-plates 18,placed between the upper flue-sheet 7 and the upper horizontalbaffle-plate 10. Immediately below the airchamber is arranged the lowerhorizontal baffle-plate 15, forming with the flue-sheet 8 thecompartment 5, which is out into a succession of return steam-chambers16 by upright baffie-plates 17. The upper and lower uprightbaffle-plates 18 and 17 are so set that the lower one to the right setsout from the right-hand end of the box and cuts the second chamber abovein the center, so that the exhaust-steam coming in at the pipe 19 aboveis received in the first chamber of the series 14:. This first chamberis three times the capacity of the exhaust-pipe 19 to allow for theexpansion of steam and prevent back pressure on the engine. The steamdriven down through the first section of upright flues 9 on the rightenters the first of the series of return steam-chambers 16 and ischecked by the lower horizontal baffle-plate 15, and at the firstupright bathe-plate 17 the steam is turned up through other uprightfines into the second steam-chamber of the series 14 and is thus drivendown and up to the left by these return steam-chambers ll and 16 andupright flues 9 until it reaches the last chamber of the series llabove, and if there is any steam not condensed it passes out at theescape-pipe 20. The steam on its winding way or zigzag course throughthese upright fines and chambers from right to left in this box performsfour essential officcs in the results sought. The cold and impure waterto make up the defieien cy of pure feed-water made by diverting steamfrom the boiler for heating purposes passes through an upper coil 21back and forth and flows out at 22 into the settlingbasin 11. In thissettlingbasiu 11 the coarse sediment held in suspension by the water isprecipitated and the water is raised to a temperature of about 190 andflows over a baffleplate 23 into the settling-basin 12 and has itstemperature raised to 200 and the finer flour of lime and gypsum isprecipitated, and again the water flows over a baftle-plate 23 into thesettling-basin 13 and from thence into a pipe 24; to the compartment (3,which is a purewater tank.

By having the coil of pipe 21 enveloped in steam all along in section 3and the repeated action of the steam playing up and striking the underside of the upper horizontal baffieplate 10 the deficit of feed-water ispurified and the impurities that form crust in boilers are precipitatedin the settling-basins 11, 12, and 13, from which they can be removedwith little trouble by the use of a shovel. The distance traveledthrough the upright fines and the upper and lower return steam-chamberswill be extensive, aggregating about sixty feet in length, and the steamacting on the surface of all the fines and the surface of the upper andlower flue-sheets is exposed to about three hundred and forty squarefeet of iron surface, that absorbs the heat of the steam and transmitsit into the space between the uprightv lines, and a fan 25, kept inaction at about sixteen hundred revolutions per minute, moves the heatout into a collector 26 and on through a conveyer 27 into the furnace topromote combustion of fuel, since this air for supporting combustion israised to about 250 of heat by exhaust-steam. The rule developed by heatconservators is that 100 of heat returned is ten per cent. of fuelsaved.

The attachment or collector 26 works out several useful results, and issupplied with a gate 2 and when dry hot air is wanted for drying orheating purposes this gate is shut down and the hot air is forced by thefan out through openings 29 to where it is wanted. A thermometer 30, todetermine the temperature of the hot air going to the furnace ordrykiln, is located on the top of the collector.

31 is a pipe bringing in the exhaust-steam from the hot-water pump. Bythis steam from the pump the deficit of oxygen in air is made up andcombustion is completed, provided always that the hot oxygenized air islet in through a hollow bridge-wall of the furnace with openings upward,so as to distribute the oxygenized air evenly across the furnace tocatch all the receding incandescent particles of carbon before they cooldown below a kindling temperature.

The lower horizontal baffle-plate 15 receives all the condensed waterfrom the steam and with it the oil coming in the steam from thecylinder-head. This oil is dangerous and must be removed, and to do thisthe lower upright battle-plates 17 are lifted one-half inch from thehorizontal baffle-plate 15, and the device is tilted in setting one-halfinch to the left to force the reduced water to flow into theoil-extractor 32.

33 is a pipe that lets the condensed water and oil through the valve 34,which is kept; closed, and the water flows down and up through a U pipeor trap 35, and the oil finally rises and floats on the top of the waterin the extractor or separator 32, where the oil accumulates andseparates from the last traces of water and is drained out at 36. Thepipe 37, connecting the fan-spout 37 and the oil-extractor 32, servestwo very important purposesfirst, to separate the oil from the reducedwater, and, second, to restore the reduced water to its normal conditionfor producing steam. The left leg of the watertrap 35 in theoil-extractor terminates about two inches below the surface of thewater, and the reduced water coming up through it spreads out all overthe surface, and the cold air driven in by the fan through the pipe 37spreads all over this water and cools the oil sufficiently to liquefyit, when it separates and floats 011 the water and is driven out through30, and at the same time this cold fresh air from the fan aerates thereduced water and restores it toits normal condition to produce steam.

There is a certain but unknown quantity of air in water, and every timeit is raised to steam and condensed a portion of this air is expelled,and as the air is expelled more fuel is required to convert the waterinto steam. \Vhen all the air is expelled, the water will not beconverted into steam at all, but when it is raised to about 300 itexplodes with the force and fury of giant-powder. This device prevents awaste of coal and this danger of explosion and assists in separating theoil from the condensed water. As the air is driven out of feed-water itrequires more and more coal to keep up steam, and after the air iseliminated and a temperature of 300 is reached the crash of an explosioncomes and the destruction of life and property follows. The greater partof the oil is kept back by the upright baifle-plates until the valve isopened and the water is lowered, and water and oil flow under theupright baffle-plates and out through the valve into the oil-extractor,where, while the engine is stopped, the oil gathers and passes out at36. The condensed water that is constantly delivered through the trap 35finds its way into the feed-Water tank 6 through an opening 45 at thebottom.

A bulb or float 38 has its stem 39 attached to a faucet 40, whichregulates the feed-water going into the coil 21. In compartment 5 isplaced a coil 41 of two-inch pipes for the purpose of superheating thefeed-water. The hot-water pump takes the feed-water out of tank 6 at 42and forces it into this coil at 43 at a temperature of 210, and thewater being under pressure and subjected to the heat of theexhaust-steam playing on the coil has its temperature considerablyraised. The steam playing upon the upper and the lower coils brings thefeed-water for boilers out at 44 fully up to the temperature and elasticdriving-power of the exhaust-steam. Water under pressure in pipes orboilers after it is raised above 212 temperature is compressed steam.This device feeds boilers with compressed steam far above 212 orboiling-temperature. At sea-level this device holds 400 of the heat ofexhaust-steam as a perpetual motor on and after the steam-gage on theboiler registers sixty pounds pressure and a relative quantity above andbelow that pressure. A reliable rule for coal saving is that 100 of heatreturned is ten per cent. of fuel saved. This 400 of heat returned istherefore forty per cent. of fuel saved.

The settling-basins of the compartment 2 are prevented from flooding bylocating one or more relief-pipes 46 in the said compartment andconnecting them with the baffleplate 10, the upper end of this reliefpipe or pipes terminating a short distance from the top or cover of thebox.

In the form of apparatus shown in Fig. 6 the fan, the oil-extractor, thecollector, and the settling-basins are identical with the correspondingelements herein fully described and illustrated, and the like parts areindicated by the same reference-characters. In this structure theflue-sheets 7 and 8 are omitted, together with the baffle-plates 17 and18 and the upright flues 9, and are substituted by a bank of pipes 47,which are horizontally disposed and communicate at their opposite endswith the fan through the connection 37 and the collector 26. The coils21 and 41 are retained and are located adjacent to the respectivebaffle-plates 10 and 15, the bank of pipes 47 being located betweenthem. The pipes 47 are arranged at different levels and those of eachlevel are subdivided into sections or groups of three, which communicateat their opposite ends with the fan and the collector. Verticalbaffle-plates 48 are alternately related, so as to compel theexhauststeam entering through the pipe 19 to pass through the middlecompartment 4 in a zigzag direction, as indicated by the arrows, therebyinsuring a utilization of the waste product. These baffle-plates 48 arespaceda proper distance apart, and the top edges of the alternate onestouch the baffle-plate 10, and the lower edges of the intermediate onestouch the baffle-plate 15, thereby leaving spaces at the opposite endsof adjacent baffleplates, as shown. The baffle-plates 48 have openingsthrough which pass the individual pipes of the bank of pipes 21, 47, and41, and they serve to support and maintain the various pipes at fixeddistances apart.

In the apparatus shown in Fig. 6 the exhaust-steam passes around andamong the pipes 21, 47, and 41, and the air to be heated is forcedthrough the pipes 47 thereby differing in operation from theconstruction illustrated most clearly in Fig. 2, in which theexhaust-steam is compelled to pass through the upright flues 9 and theair to be heated around and among the said .flues. A reliefpipe 49connects the upper portion of the compartment 1 with the upper portionof the compartment 6, so as toobviate pressure upon the surface of thewater in the compartment 6 and the consequent overflow over the edges ofthe oil-extractor by providing for the escape of any steam which maytend to collect in the upper portion of the compartment 6 into thecompartment 1, as will be readily understood.

Having now fully illustrated and explained each general compartment andcooperative subdivision of the invention, and how all these fivecoordinate divisions and their dependent subdivisions Work out the finalresult of arresting and holding in one continuous round of service theheat of exhaust-steam and utilizing other lost products ofboilerfurnaces, and the plan of purifying feed-water without the use ofchemicals, and the plan of supplying the deficit of oxygen fromexhauststeam to complete the combustion of fuel, including smoke, I willnow state what I claim and what I desire to have protected byLett-ersPatent: 7

1. In combination, a compartment subdivided to provide a series ofcommunicating settling-basins, a compartment immediately below thesettling-basins and in communication with the last settling-basin of theseries, means for circulating exhaust-steam or other waste-heat productthrough the lower compartment, and a coil of pipe located within thelower compartment and having communication with the firstsettling-basinof the series, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

2. In combination, upper and lower compartments,baflle-platessubdividing the lower compartment intoa series of chambers, means forpassing exhaust-steam or other wasteheat product through each of thesaid chambers, and a coil of pipe located in the lower compartment andsupported and held in place by passing through openings in the saidbaffie-plates, and having one end in communication with a water-supply,and having its opposite end opening into the upper com partment,substantially as set forth.

3. In combination, an upper compartment subdivided into a series ofsettling-basins, a lower compartment in communication with the lastsettling-basin, an upper and a lower coil of pipe confined between theupper and lower compartments, the upper coil of pipe extending into thefirst of the series of settling-basins, and means for circulating orpassing exhaust-steam or other waste-heat product through the inelosureformed between the upper and lower compartments, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

a. In combination, a compartment, a bank of fines or pipes located inthe compartment, baffle-plates subdividing the said compartment,independent means for passing air and exhaust-steam through the saidcompartment, and a separator in communication with the lowest point ofthe said compartment to receive the water of condensation and remove theoil therefrom, substantially as set forth.

5. In combination, a compartment having its bottom inclined toward agiven point, baffle-plates subdividing the compartment into a series ofchambers and having their lower edges arranged a short distance from thebottom of the compartment, a separator in the plane of the compartment,and a pipe communicating with the lowest point of the compartment andhaving a trap located in the separator, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In an apparatus for converting exhauststeam into motive power andutilizing other wasteheat products of boiler-furnaces and engines, thecombination of a compartment subdivided into a series ofsettling-basins, a second compartment disposed contiguous to thefirst-mentioned compartment, a coil of pipes located in the second compartm cut and opening into the first compartment,and means forcirculating exhaust-steam through the second compartment and around thecoil of pipes therein, substantially as set forth for the purposedescribed.

7. In combination, a water-compartment, a separator contiguous to andhaving communication at its lower end with the compartment, a secondcompartment placed above the first compartment and adapted to have theexhaust-steam passed therethrough, a trap located in the separator andcommunicating with the second compartment and receiving the water ofcondensation therefrom, and means for supplying a blast of air to theseparator to facilitate the separation of the oil and aerate thecondensed water,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In combination, a settling-compartment, a water-compartment locatedbelow the settling compartment and in communication therewith, anintermediate compartment subdivided by bathe-plates, means for passingexhaust-steam through the intermediate compartment, a coil of pipe inthe intermediate compartment and communicating with the settling-compartment, a separator in communication with the Water-compartment, and afloat operated by the change of water-level in the separator to open orclose a controllingvalve in the aforesaid coil of pipe, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

9. In combination, asettling-eompartment, a steam-compartment to receivethe exhauststeam, a water-compartment, a separator in communication atits lower end with the water-compartment and having connection with thesettling and the steam compartments, a trap located in the separator andadapted to have the water of condensation passed therethrough, a coil ofpipe extending through the steam-compartment and opening into thesettling-compartment, and having a faucet in its length, and a floatoperating in the separator and adapted to control the faucet to regulatethe supply of water to the settlingcompartment, substantially as setforth.

10. The herein-described apparatus for utilizing exhaust-steam andsimilar waste products, the same embodying in its organization a middlecompartment supplied with a vertical set of fines, a fan communicatingwith one end of the said compartment, a collector having connection withthe opposite end of the said compartment and provided with a cutoff andbranch pipes, a second con'ipartment placed above the first compartmentand subdivided into a series of steam-chambers by vertica-lly-arrangedbaflie-plates, a third compartment placed below the first compartmentand subdivided by various baiile-plates into a series of steam-chambers,the baliie-plates of the third compartment alternating in position withthe baffle-plates of the second compartment and having a space at theirlower edges, a coil of pipe in the third compartment, a fou rthcompartment placed above the second compartment and subdivided into aseries of communicating settling-chambers, a coil of pipe located in thesecond compartment and leading into the fourth compartment, and having afaucet in its length, a separator having communication with the thirdcompartment and with the fan, a trap in the separator receiving thewater of condensation from the third compartment, a float to control thefaucet, and a fifth or water compartment in communication with the lowerportion of the separator, the parts being arranged to operatesubstantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

11. In a heat-conservator, the combination of a settling-compartment, asteam-compartment, a water-compartment, and a superheating-coil locatedin the steam-compartment and receiving its supply from thewatercompartment, substantially as described, whereby the water isdelivered to the boiler fully up to the temperature and the elasticdriving power-of the exhaust-steam, substantially as described.

12. In combination, a settling--compartment, a Water-compartment incommunication With the settling-compartment and arranged below it, anintermediate compartment, means for passing exhaust steam through theintermediate compartment, a separator in communication with the Waterand intermediate compartments and receiving the water of condensationfrom the intermediate compartment, and means for forcing a blast of airthrough the intermediate com-

